French language proficiency levels according to the CEFR framework
The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) is the international standard for describing language ability in Europe. It helps learners and teachers assess proficiency across six levels, from A1 (beginner) to C2 (mastery). Understanding your level ensures you join the right course for your skills and goals.
Want to understand the full CEFR framework and its detailed level descriptions? Visit the Council of Europe’s official guide for an authoritative breakdown.
Why knowing your French language proficiency level matters
Before enrolling in a French language course, it’s essential to know your starting point. The French language proficiency levels (CEFR) help both students and teachers build a customized learning path based on your real needs and abilities. This system ensures that each student is placed in a course that challenges them at the right level, without feeling overwhelmed or bored.
At French In, we use the CEFR as the foundation of our teaching approach, whether you’re studying in one of our schools in France or online. From A1 beginner to C2 mastery, our programs are carefully structured to match your current level and help you progress step by step. Even if you are unsure of your exact level, our free placement test will accurately assess your skills and suggest the best course for you.
Mastering French opens doors to academic, professional, and personal opportunities. Whether you plan to pass exams like DELF, DALF, or TCF, study in a French university, or simply feel more confident in everyday conversations, understanding your CEFR level in French allows you to set clear, achievable goals.
Our instructors regularly evaluate your progress to ensure you advance smoothly from one level to the next. With consistent guidance, you can strengthen your French speaking, listening, reading, and writing skills at every stage.
Find your level – CEFR descriptions
Basic user
A1 – Breakthrough
Able to comprehend and use common daily expressions and simple phrases designed to meet basic practical needs.
Capable of introducing oneself and others, as well as asking and responding to straightforward questions about personal information such as their address, acquaintances, and possessions.
Can engage in basic interactions as long as the other person speaks slowly, clearly, and is willing to provide assistance.
A2 – Waystage
Able to understand common sentences and expressions frequently used in everyday situations, such as basic personal and family details, shopping, local landmarks, and work-related topics.
Can participate in straightforward and routine interactions that involve the direct exchange of information on familiar topics and everyday activities.
Capable of describing simple aspects of their background, surroundings, and immediate needs in basic terms.
Independent user
Able to grasp the main ideas of clear, standard communication on familiar topics often encountered in work, school, or leisure activities.
Can manage most situations likely to occur while traveling in regions where the language is spoken.
Capable of creating simple, connected text about topics of personal interest or familiarity.
Able to describe experiences, events, aspirations, and plans, and can provide brief reasons or explanations for opinions and decisions.
Able to comprehend the main concepts of complex texts, whether they address concrete or abstract topics, including technical discussions in their area of expertise.
Can engage in conversations with fluency and spontaneity, enabling regular interaction with native speakers without causing discomfort for either side.
Capable of producing clear and detailed written content on a variety of subjects and expressing a perspective on current issues, outlining the pros and cons of different options.
Proficient user
Able to comprehend a broad range of challenging, extended texts and identify underlying meanings.
Can communicate fluently and effortlessly, with little need to search for expressions.
Capable of using language flexibly and efficiently in social, academic, and professional contexts.
Able to produce clear, well-organized, and detailed writing on complex topics, demonstrating effective use of structure, connectors, and cohesive elements.
Able to effortlessly understand nearly everything that is heard or read.
Can summarize information from various spoken and written sources, skillfully reorganizing arguments and narratives into a cohesive and coherent format.
Capable of expressing thoughts spontaneously, with exceptional fluency and accuracy, even distinguishing subtle nuances of meaning in complex scenarios.
Unsure of your level? Take our free placement test to find the perfect immersive French experience for your needs. Want to get certified? Check out our French exam preparation courses for DELF and DALF.
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